Substation Design Improvement Considering the Actual Accident On-site caused by Direct multiple lightning
Traditionally, substation lightning protection design only considers back flashovers caused by lightning currents (e.g., 150kA for a 500kV power system). Utilities usually conduct lightning surge analyses to ensure that substation equipment can withstand such events [1]. However, there are no standardized design guidelines for protecting against direct or multiple lightning strikes. As a result, individual utilities must develop their countermeasures based on specific analyses and experience.