Operating strategies and preparedness for system operational resilience

Power systems have changed faster than ever in the last two decades. They are now increasingly accommodating new types of resources in their generation mix which are inverter-based and behave very differently from conventional generators during system contingencies. On the other hand, climate change has caused environmental impacts that are more severe and more frequent than before. These two phenomena have created unprecedented vulnerability for power systems to High Impact Low Frequency (HILF) events. Disturbances caused by natural phenomena such as hurricanes, earthquakes, etc. have gained the focus of the industry to create measures and processes to enhance the resilience of power systems to these events. In addition to natural events, cyber- attacks and man-made threats are now more impactful than before due to increased digitisation and dependency of modern power systems to Information Technology and Operational Technology, which uses internet as a platform for daily operation of the power system.