Hybrid systems for Off-Grid Power Supply

Access to electricity is still lacking for some 1.1 billion people in developing countries, many of them living in rural areas. With “electrification business-as-usual” as many as 1.4 billion people will still lack access to electricity in 2030, the UN target year for universal access to modern energy services, including electricity. Further, there are many thousands of off-grid power systems in the world – for example remote mines, natural islands, and remote communities. Many generate electricity from fossil fuels, resulting in very high electricity costs together with unwanted side effects of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, noise and fuel spills. The security of supply of the fuel is an issue for remote areas or in case of major events, such as extreme weather conditions.