Distributed Energy Resource Benchmark Models for Quasi-Static Time-Series Power Flow Simulations

Realizing distributed energy resources (DER) benefits to distribution systems, as well as the overall, depends greatly upon models that accurately represent the performance of these technologies. The rapid evolution of DER technologies and applications, however, poses a challenge for distribution planners and others who must implement representative models for these technologies in their studies. While distribution modelling and simulation capabilities have largely kept pace, the lack of industry-defined reference models has led to inconsistent terminology as well as multiple representations of specific DER types across the industry.